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Overview

The Hedera mainnet (short for main network) is where applications are run in production, with transaction fees paid in HBAR. Any application or retail user can submit transactions to the Hedera mainnet; they’re automatically consensus-timestamped and fairly ordered. Any Hedera account can query data associated with Hedera’s services and stored on-chain. Every transaction requires payment of a fee. Fees follow a base fee + extras model defined in the network’s fee schedule (system file 0.0.113). Fees are denominated in USD (as tinycents) and paid in HBAR at the current exchange rate (100,000,000 tℏ = 1 ℏ). You can learn more about transaction fees here and estimate your application costs using the fee tables or the POST /api/v1/network/fees Mirror Node endpoint. If you’re looking to test your application (or just experiment), please visit Testnet Access. The Hedera testnet enables developers to prototype and test applications in a simulated mainnet environment that uses test HBAR for paying transaction fees.

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Transaction Throttles

Transactions on the Hedera Mainnet are currently throttled. You will receive a "BUSY" response if the number of transactions submitted to the network exceeds the threshold value.

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Main Network Throttles

Network Request TypesThrottle (tps)
Cryptocurrency Transactions

AccountCreateTransaction: 2 tps

TransferTransaction (inc. tokens): 10,000 tps
Other: 10,000 tps

Consensus Transactions

TopicCreateTransaction: 5 tps

Other: 10,000 tps

Token Transactions

TokenMintTransaction:

  • 125 TPS for fungible mint
  • 50 TPS for NFT mint

TokenAssociateTransaction: 100 tps
TransferTransaction (inc. tokens): 10,000 tps

Other: 3,000 tps

Schedule TransactionsScheduleSignTransaction: 100 tps
ScheduleCreateTransaction: 100 tps
File Transactions10 tps
Smart Contract TransactionsContractExecuteTransaction: 15 million gas per second
ContractCreateTransaction: 15 million gas per second
Queries (per node)

AccountBalanceQuery: 1000 tps

ContractGetInfo: 700 tps
ContractGetBytecode: 700 tps
ContractCallLocal: 700 tps

FileGetInfo: 700 tps
FileGetContents: 700 tps

Other: 10,000 tps

Receiptsunlimited (no throttle)